Truman Doctrine, Free Essay Sample

Truman Doctrine Introduction The Truman Doctrine according to the Office of the Historian was a foreign policy by America that aimed at curbing the geographical and political expansion of the Soviet Union during the Cold War (Office of the Historian: Milestones, 2014). The doctrine came into existence in 1947, March when the then U.S. president Harry Truman, went before the Congress and pledged to contain the rising threats by the Soviet Union to Greece and Turkey to overcome the threat of communism (McGhee, 2016, pp 19-20). The Truman Doctrine that served as the foundation of American foreign policy outlined that America would offer political, financial and military aid to all self-governing countries who were facing threats both internally and externally by getting involved in the conflict. The Truman Doctrine occasioned due to various reasons that resulted in various consequences as discussed in the essay. What caused the Truman Doctrine? The inability of the British government to continue offering support to these countries was the primarily informed the advent of the Truman Doctrine. The Truman Speech came in the midst of the Greek Civil War that occurred in 1946 to 1949. During this period, the National Liberation Front with the help of the Greek Communist Party clashed with the British and the Greek national government to take control of Athens and the entire country. Deaths of unarmed National Liberation Front movement supporters characterized the fighting who were outgunned by the national government. As a result, the Civil War broke, which saw guerilla forces financing the communist party to attain power and oust the Greek government backed by the British (McGhee, 2016, pp22-23). However, during the war, the British’s economy suffered immensely resulting in its weakening. Consequently, they could not offer the necessary financial and military aid to the Greek government thus, paving the way for the Unite d States to come in and provide the required support. Truman’s administration observed the war as resulting from the Soviet Union’s attempt to capture the regions that were the source of oil for the country and the water harbors within the Mediterranean. Similarly, the Soviet Union’s pressure on Turkey also informed the advent of Truman Doctrine. After the World War II, the Russian government attempted to adopt trade routes within the Mediterranean Sea. However, the routes necessitated their passing through the Turkish Strains. However, the Turkish government was reluctant to allow Russian ships to cross through their territory as they considered this an attempt at colonizing them (McGhee, 2016, pp. 7). Accordingly, they denied them the access and instead sought the British assistance to control the passage. Due to this, the Russian government employed stiff resistance that only heightened military support and aid could empower it. When the British government withdrew its support due to deficiencies of resources, the United States government came in to support their economic efforts and providing military support. President Truman believed that the U.S had the responsibility of protecting country’s freedom and independence. According to him, the primary role of American foreign policy was to foster an environment where they and other nations would freely work with each other free from intimidation. Therefore, by establishing the United Nations, America believed that their willingness to help other people preserve their freedom and integrity and would ensure the promotion of international peace and security, which President Truman wanted to achieve. Further, Truman argued that the imposing of force by the Soviet Union in an attempt to expand to other countries was unacceptable as it threatened the security of America, and in protecting themselves, they had to defend Greece and Turkey territories (Office of the Historian: Milestones 2014). President Truman argued that the communist power was expanding and threatened the stability of the countries and the Middle East. For years, different countries suffered in the hands of a forced power that employed coercion and intimidation to enforce their will. However, the United States believed that this was the opportune moment for every country to choose a substitute way of life (Office of the Historian: Milestones 2014). One follows either the wishes of the majority exercised through free institutions and political representation while the other follows the will of the minority that utilizes force and terror and enforced through the clampdown of fundamental freedoms and controlled information. Thus, choosing the good meant helping countries to get off under the authority of totalitarian regimes, as it would result in depression of peace worldwide, consequently affecting the American security. Impacts of Truman Doctrine First, the Doctrine led to the assistance of both Greece and Turkey, paving the way for the Marshall Plan. President Truman urged the Congress to take an immediate and unwavering decision of assisting the two countries. As a result, the Congress approved four hundred million dollars aid in 1948 to alleviate starvation and support their economies. By helping them, the U.S developed the Marshall Plan. According to Fredrik Bolinder, the Marshall Plan, formulated by the then US Secretary of State named George Marshal was containment plan for communism (Bolinder, 2017). According to Marshal’s assessment of Europe, the World War II devastated the countries putting them on the verge of starvation. Hence, since the Communist parties including the Soviet Union, had interests in expanding to these countries, the famine and economic devastation were likely to make them accept their help and promises to turn them into communists. Thus, in the bid to prevent the spread of communism into Eu rope, the United States committed twenty-two billion dollars in fuel, raw materials, foodstuff, machinery, loans and technical expertise to jump-start the European economy afresh hence, successfully stopped the spread of communism (Hatzivassiliou, 2010, pp. 1-4). Second, it led to the buildup of collective security. The global threat of communism created a hysteria among European countries and the United States of possible attacks and infiltration by the communists notably the Soviet Union. Thus, providing military aid to various countries in Europe brought together these nations to form a network of like-minded countries and allies to establish a mutually benefiting defense response to any future attacks from external parties. Thus, the countries founded the Military Assistance Program, which eventually led to the inception in 1949 of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) (Hatzivassiliou, 2010, pp. 2-5). The alliance brought together twenty-nine countries among them America, France, United Kingdom, Greece, Turkey, and Belgium. In conclusion, the Truman Doctrine was a de facto announcement of the cold war as his speech ushered the United States’ foreign policy all over the world. Through this Doctrine, America made known their commitment towards enabling countries remain free people by providing them with financial and military aid that would allow them to resist any attempts to suppress their freedom and be under the control of others. Also, he believed in providing financial assistance to countries that needed it to stop the forceful expansion of communism into independent countries. In doing so, it solved the concern of communism expansion, it facilitated bipartisan support of its objectives, mobilized America in offering support that economically stabilized Europe and led to the creation of a mutually benefiting military outfit known as NATO. References Bolinder, F. (2017). The Legacy of the Truman Doctrine. Truman National Security Project. McGhee, G. (2016). The US-Turkish-NATO Middle East connection: How the Truman doctrine and Turkeys NATO entry contained the soviets. Springer. Milestones, Office of the Historian. (2014). The Truman Doctrine, 1947. Department of States, United States. Retrieved December 25, 2017, from https://history.state.gov/milestones/1945-1952/truman-doctrine Hatzivassiliou, E. (2010). Greek reformism and its models: The impact of the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan. Journal of Modern Greek Studies, 28(1), 1-25.

Using Paragraph Samples in Narrative Essay Writing

Utilizing Paragraph Samples in Narrative Essay WritingA account exposition requires a decent piece of documentation, however the fact of the matter is that you have a ton of space to be innovative and individual in it. A few people work the entire thing out all the way in one long sentence, others separate it into passages with the goal that the segments all have their own lines. This is something that must be chosen when you are composing a story paper, however once you choose what to do, there are numerous spots to use to assist you with getting the stream going.The in front of the rest of the competition that you will need to utilize is a passage test. There are a few spots to utilize these: toward the start, toward the end, and all through the entire article. The principle advantage is that you can discover them and have them actually wherever available to you. Here are the ones you will probably use:The starting: What is the primary thought of the section? What does it educate u s concerning the topic of the article? This should give you a general thought regarding what the exposition is about and why you will utilize it.The center: What sort of a plot or framework is the passage dependent on? It could be a piece of a story or it could be depicting the occasions as they happen. It should give you a pleasant rule with regards to how the entire exposition will be laid out.The end: What are the completion musings of the passage? Is it a sentiment or a reality? At times you may feel like the section was not exceptionally accommodating to the peruser, yet actually it can in any case be useful to you in the long run.It can be very useful to separate the short passages into a few littler passages and make a story with every one. You can generally construct a postulation articulation or have some concealed importance behind it on the off chance that you truly need to. A few people feel that the more drawn out the section is, the more significant it is.In expansion to these four classifications, you can likewise incorporate a short passage about yourself or your suppositions about something that you need to remember for the article. Recall that these are works of fiction, so they ought to be composed well. You may feel that you have to keep the realities straight and recount to a basic story, yet it is still best to leave some space for translation and reflection.If you go into this task imagining that you will just need one record, you will be agreeably shocked at what number of archives you can make. There are scarcely any standards to follow when composing an account article. For whatever length of time that you set aside the effort to ensure that you record is very much idea out and that you remember any data, you ought to experience no difficulty concocting loads of various archives that are totally unique in relation to each other.

The Secret to Environmental Argumentative Essay Topics Animals

<h1> The Secret to Environmental Argumentative Essay Topics Animals </h1> <h2> Choosing Environmental Argumentative Essay Topics Animals </h2> <p>In the end, towards the finish of your decision, you may consider the manner in which the exposition thinks about to something different, for example, present day events or what's to come. A peruser ought to obviously comprehend the explanation you have decided to investigate a specific issue. He should agree with the writer's stance before the finish of the perusing. Your peruser should be persuaded your contention is valid.</p> <p>Finding the most appropriate contentions will permit you to demonstrate your point and win. You are going to take a side of the issue and use proof to back up your contention. At the point when you are mentioned to choose an incredible theme for your contention, start with something you're acquainted with. The proof can't be made as a main priority. </p> <p>There's no restriction with respect to how high mankind can assemble homes. You may need to indicate the type of your altered exposition on contamination, page check, arranging and style necessities, alongside cutoff time. Expounding on atomic weapons is consistently an eminent thought. Numerous understudies believe that it is an exercise in futility. </p> <p>You should consider an undertaking to find a subject not an issue but rather a chance and even an advantage. Publicizing and the media are presently almost indivisible from society for an entirety. A great deal of understudies put on a uniform . In huge numbers of the cases at schools and universities, the understudies are permitted to choose a subject without anyone else. </p> <p>The more research you can improve at your up and coming calling, the better. Therefore, it's basic to completely peruse paper rules. For instance, Moore's law expresses that like clockwork, the multifaceted nature of the electronic gadgets will twofold moreover. Natural issues cause worry all through the world. </p> <p>It's critical to choose questionable factious paper themes as you need restricting focuses that you can counter to your own focuses. Moral contentious paper subjects are a couple of the least complex to lose control with. One of the most commonplace article points is the matter of natural contamination. The subjects for contentious articles are regularly very plain as day they're basic comprehension. </p> <p>About the contamination paper primary body, it should be lucidly evolved to make sure that all subject angles are properly tended to. In this way, the point should be begging to be proven wrong! It must be intriguing, the theme must be fundamental lastly the subject must be educational. Settling on a passionate subject is likewise a good thought. </p> <h2> Environmental Argumentative Essay Topics Animals Fundamentals Explained </h2> <p>Argumentative compositions is a specific kind of a paper. The proposition gives you a rule on how best to go about with composing the paper. It is the significant quintessence of a pugnacious article. Your postulation should be significant so the guide can utilize a structure that is adaptable so as to fit in the shoes of the perusers. </p> <p>Every inquire about paper or scholastic article should be founded on believable and reliable sources that give supporting proof to the chief paper contentions. Fortunately, you have our top-class gathering of authors who can help understudies and show them how to pick the most reasonable exposition bearing. Obviously, it's so much better when an understudy is given an opportunity to choose the subject of their exposition. At the point when understudies are composing their contentious articles which must discover, peruse and dissect a ton of material to do great. </p> <h2> The Debate Over Environmental Argumentative Essay Topics Animals</h2> <p>Among the parts of budgetary development that affects nature above all is that to have the option to make more merchandise and items at a quicker rate, the structure of huge mechanical plants is essential. Provincial advancement is the chief reason for out of control fires and broad harm in the earlier decades. Research shoot angling to make sense of why it's utilized over other angling systems, and expound on the outcomes of shoot angling on marine environments. There is an arrangement of ways how everybody can add to the assurance of the environmental factors. </p> <p>Pollution is a system of sullying the environmental factors in a way it will get dangerous to utilize. For example, it can't be completely controlled with the present populace. Ecological contamination is only one of the foremost dangers for our planet. After some time, it has been associated with different kinds of malignancy. </p>

College Admissions Essay Topics For Med School

School Admissions Essay Topics For Med SchoolEnlisting help from a scholarly counsel is a significant piece of the making arrangements for every approaching understudy. At the hour of their confirmations there is commonly an a lot more significant level of worry than would be normal by someone else, however that is one of the most significant things that they will look as a student.There are various techniques that a consultant can use to assist understudies with their test drug school papers. In the first place, they can assist with creating a cognizant postulation proclamation. This announcement ought exclude any significant suspicions or understandings, yet it should offer a solid contention about the particular explanation behind the understudy's requirement for the degree.If you are not kidding about acquiring your degree, you should place a ton of thought into your point. You ought to compose your exposition such that you can relate the material you are going to present to the difficulties and impediments you face every day. You ought to be set up to need to ponder your position and your expectations and desires for your future.Papers that manage troublesome themes should be composed from a wide range of perspectives. The principal thing you ought to do is figure out what sort of courses you have to take with the goal that you can have some down to earth involvement with composing great expositions. For example, in the event that you have to take an English course, at that point ensure that you take courses that will set you up for applying for clinical school.Alternatively, on the off chance that you have to take a sociology course, at that point you might be astonished to discover that you should take an Introduction to Public Health course. At that point you ought to consider how the course will set you up for your selection tests. In the event that you don't know what courses you have to take, you might need to counsel your advisor.With respect to pap er themes, note that articles are extremely abstract. There is no set in stone response for each article, yet be mindful so as not to think of such a result. Rather, consider cautiously which thoughts you will need to include.The paper points that you have to compose for your school applications will mirror your own inclinations. In any case, paying little mind to what it is you plan to discuss, ensure that you think about these contemplations when composing your paper. That way, you will have a balanced encounter during your time at drug school.

Writing Your Own Health and Wellness Essay Topics

<h1>Writing Your Own Health and Wellness Essay Topics</h1><p>Health and wellbeing article subjects are an incredible method to complete your school composing, just as increase extra understanding. Paper composing isn't a simple undertaking, and it tends to be much more so when you have such a significant number of alternatives and approaches to make your exposition's one of a kind. To be fruitful with any of your assignments, you have to realize which exposition points are going to support you and which ones are going to cause you problems.</p><p></p><p>As expressed above, wellbeing and health articles are a brilliant method to expound on something that you love. You can utilize this paper subject to make an association between your inclinations and a characteristic or logical guideline. All that is expected of you is to thought of a straightforward model that associates well to your interests.</p><p></p><p>A wellbeing and health exposition point ought to never be excessively wide. Such a large number of individuals adopt this strategy, feeling that the more various things they expound on, the better their article will be. As a general rule, actually most articles composed on this subject are not too acceptable. On the off chance that you attempt to consolidate an excessive number of various things, you are obligated to be deficient in certain territories and elegantly composed in others.</p><p></p><p>When picking wellbeing and health exposition subjects, ensure that you select points that identify with you. There is nothing amiss with expounding on your own advantages or individual issues. Be that as it may, remember that various people will have totally different requirements and conditions. In this way, in the event that you can't identify with one thought, have a go at exploring a comparable subject that will be simpler for you to relate to.</p><p></p> ;<p>Health and wellbeing paper points can differ from something as shortsighted as 'how to forestall wheezing' to as intricate as 'for what reason does smoking reason malignant growth.' By considering the reasons why you have to expound on something, you can dispose of those that may appear to be trifling or insignificant. It is likewise imperative to remember that various individuals have various necessities, so don't be hesitant to incorporate different points of view or experiences.</p><p></p><p>After considering the theme and the choices that are accessible to you, you will have the option to limit your decisions of wellbeing and health exposition subjects. In the event that you feel that you may not be alright with a subject of incredible profundity, you can generally pick the less troublesome points. There is no mischief in utilizing those that are increasingly oversimplified on the off chance that you feel that you would prefer not to handle the issue as a whole.</p><p></p><p>However, you may need to settle on certain suspicions and decisions to locate the correct wellbeing and health article subjects. For instance, you should utilize reviews to discover what others feel about a specific issue. Then again, on the off chance that you like to give individual tributes about your own encounters, you can do as such. There is no set in stone answers; just unique opinions.</p><p></p><p>The significant thing to recall is that there are numerous wellbeing and health paper points that you can browse. Attempt to abstain from picking themes that you are too humiliated to even think about discussing in an open setting. This is an extraordinary method to increase a truly necessary viewpoint on a social issue without any other individual knowing. In this way, begin looking into now!</p>

Legal Issues Research Paper Topics List Related to Information Technology

<h1>Legal Issues Research Paper Topics List Related to Information Technology</h1><p>Many understudies who take courses in the Law School take up Legal Issues Research Paper Topics List identified with Information Technology. These days, understudies of any age have an energy for web. They love to peruse on the web to discover things that they are looking for.</p><p></p><p>There has been a mechanical progression in the ongoing past. Individuals are anticipating utilize the web as a wellspring of data and diversion. With the appearance of the web, there has been a comparing request to discover answers for any sort of lawful issues. Understudies who take up Legal Issues Research Paper Topics List identified with Information Technology need to demonstrate their insight about the different things that they need to study.</p><p></p><p>The primary motivation behind considering is to learn. Accordingly, understudies need to e nsure that they learn as much as possible in the most brief conceivable time. Understudies who are taking up courses identified with Legal Issues Research Paper Topics List may likewise be approached to give a composed introduction before a crowd of people. A large portion of the occasions, they will be required to represent an all-inclusive time. Be that as it may, understudies who need to give a decent introduction may solicit the assistance from the Legal Issues Research Paper Topics List and go in for different related topics.</p><p></p><p>All the understudies who are taking up classes identified with Legal Issues Research Paper Topics List may think that its hard to choose the subjects that they are keen on. They need to do inquire about on various locales and discover what points intrigue them. A large portion of the occasions, understudies will need to invest some energy recorded as a hard copy their papers and understand every one of their interests a bout the topic.</p><p></p><p>Even if understudies who are reading for the course need to work with the law offices or different associations, they have to think of point by point explore about the law offices that they need to work with. Understudies who take up Legal Issues Research Paper Topics List identified with Information Technology can undoubtedly discover the different organizations that they can join. The procedure of research can likewise assist understudies with discovering the subtleties of the law firms.</p><p></p><p>When the understudies go over a specific organization, they can go to the site to discover increasingly about the organization. They will get some answers concerning the logo of the organization and the sorts of administrations that they offer. The sites of the organizations are likewise the best hotspots for getting some answers concerning the nature of work of the organizations. As the understudy gets more data about the sites, he/she can without much of a stretch choose the best site to work with.</p><p></p><p>In instance of any issues that emerge, understudies can likewise solicit the assistance from the site to discover the arrangement. Along these lines, they can evade any sort of difficulties later on. It is significant for understudies to get to know the web. As they need to utilize the web for all reasons, they have to ensure that they get the most ideal access to the sites that they need to work with.</p>

Romeo and Juliet Narrative Essay - 1557 Words

Essay Prompt: Think about Romeo and Juliet in terms of what qualities they represent. What might Shakespeare be saying about these qualities? In a well-written essay, discuss qualities you believe Shakespeare is attempting to reveal in the characters Romeo and Juliet. In the second half of your essay, discuss which of these qualities you see in yourself. Are you more a Romeo, a Juliet, or a combination of both? Qualities that Determine Destinies Blaise Pascal, an honored French mathematician, physicist, and inventor, once said: â€Å"we never love a person, but only qualities.† Through the play Romeo and Juliet, Shakespeare had created an eternal couple that endures through centuries. In Shakespeare’s era, many people would slip out of their†¦show more content†¦She would rather neglect Nurse, who always cares and listens to her since she was born, when she speaks ill of her husband, than disregard Romeo. Juliet also proves her love to Romeo by displaying the perseverance she devotes to him, even when he commits appalling crime. In act III of the play, Juliet is very shocked when she acknowledges that Romeo has killed Tybalt, her cousin. She weeps constantly, but for Romeo instead of Tybalt, because she knows he is in deadly danger. Juliet’s perseverant love for her lord, even though he is a murderer, is a great epitome for teenagers nowadays. In this society, young lovers often loathe and abandon their mates when those people accidentally displease them. They do not stop, listen, analyze, and understand their lovers’ reason, but glare, scold, and even break up unquestioningly. This explains why couples married under twenty-five years old have higher rate of divorce, for they do not have enough life experience. They should learn how to fathom and forgive each other before thinking of marriage. Additionally, Juliet trusts Friar Lawrence truly, and she always follows his plans utterly. 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Fiction Essay Topics: No Longer a Mystery

<h1> Fiction Essay Topics: No Longer a Mystery</h1> <h2> Where to Find Fiction Essay Topics</h2> <p>The more research you can improve at your forthcoming calling, the better. In this sort of circumstance, the possibility of being cheated through an on-line paper composing content plant just builds the distress and dissatisfaction of overburdened understudies. You will locate that a great deal of the subjects can be adjusted to suit practically any kind of composing assignment.</p> <h2>The Hidden Treasure of Fiction Essay Topics </h2> <p>With us, you're ensured that you'll discover unique exposition composing on the web. In like manner, from us you will find master exposition composing on the web. In the event that you wish to get remarkable paper for the cash, go to custom-expositions on the web. Composing a magnificent influential paper is definitely not a basic employment, be that as it may, it's achievable.</p> <p>Take a gander at free article papers and get material to compose regarding the matter, and be certain you're all around educated. It's critical to choose begging to be proven wrong factious paper subjects as you need restricting focuses which you can counter to your own focuses. There are a few article themes that you can choose from. Late factious article points that are identified with society is going to do.</p> <p>Science fiction is only one of the most notable branches. Youthful journalists may give straightforward a shot line reference generators which are for the most part at no charge. </p> <h2> Things You Should Know About Fiction Essay Topics </h2> <p>Try out another point and do precisely the same 5-minute composing test till you find a theme you realize it is anything but difficult to compose on. The subject must be intriguing, the point must be fundamental lastly the theme must be enlightening. It's conceivable to go for a captivating theme from any territory of science. Considering that heaps of enticing articles concern dubious points, before composing, you should plunk down and consider what your conclusion on the theme really is. </p> <p>To start with, an interesting paper requests a fascinating subject, issue, or question to talk about. A factious exposition expects you to pick a subject and have a situation on it. On the off chance that you're enthusiastic about this issue, at that point the paper will talk this, and is increasingly disposed to make the article connecting with, for example, having a discussion with an individual over a theme you really feel unequivocally about. Investigating the theme will empower you to discover progressively about what entrances you, and should you pick something you genuinely like, composing the article will be more enjoyable.</p> <p>Argumentative paper points are so significant since they are debatableand it's basic to consistently be fundamentally thinking about our general surroundings. Remember that you may cause entertaining contentious expositions on the off chance that you to do a couple of things. In addition, you might want to go for a paper point t hat is going to allow you to show your aptitudes as well as could be expected. It could be truly exhausting to search for commendable English article subjects all alone, along these lines we believe that it's an ideal opportunity to give you a hand of help. </p> <p>Your proposal should be applicable so the short article can utilize a structure that is adaptable so as to fit in the shoes of the perusers. All the modified article papers are edited to ensure that they are in the proper syntactic buy. Papers have any intricacy level to think of a generally excellent ap-level composition. From that point onward, an elegantly composed paper requests an incredible handle and cognizance of the creative cycle. </p> <p>There are numerous means which you should take in order to form a brilliant exposition. The lack of incredible help sources are going to bring about an abatement grade. The different themes might be found, for example, in the paper abstracts universal database. Guarantee you give away from of the things on your rundown as well. </p> <h2> The Dirty Truth About Fiction Essay Topics</h2> <p>The presentation should offer general data which will be remembered for the guide. F. Bacon The fundamental objective of the capital isn't to get however much cash as could be expected, yet to make sure that cash creates a superior life. You may keep on saving your pugnacious expositions for your forthcoming activity portfolio in the event that they're profoundly evaluated. Our article composing administration is only one of the most significant components to develop uniqueness for our clients. </p> <h2> The Ideal Approach for Fiction Essay Topics </h2& gt; <p>It has never been less complex to get motivation and recommendations for your next school task than at TopicsMill! On account of the right alternative of introduction style and an exhaustive comprehension of the objectives you have to achieve in your paper, there are numerous classes article topics might be broken into. Hence, for your coursework, you're need to have the absolute best thoughts. All the time it gets intense to pick one specific theme either because of the numerous thoughts in the understudy's head, or because of their total nonappearance. </p>

Sample of Bar Chart Essay Examples

Sample of Bar Chart Essay ExamplesBar chart essay examples come in a variety of different formats. Typically, you will be given a table that has a set of boxes that is arranged horizontally and vertically. You will then be asked to write a short essay about the sales volume for one year for a selected company. Sometimes, you will be asked to write an essay that is a bit longer than the usual sample.The format of the sample of bar chart essay is actually very straightforward. After you read through the instructions that comes with the sample, you will be asked to begin by entering a value for each of the vertical and horizontal line on the table. Next, you will be asked to input the same information on the respective box and fill in the empty spaces with appropriate values.A typical format might be that you enter the amount of revenue for each product or service on the X axis and the percent of sales for each item on the Y axis. As an example, if you are being asked to write an essay about the revenue for a particular quarter for the consumer electronics category, then you would enter 'Consumer Electronics' in the corresponding field for the first row of the chart. Then you would be asked to fill in the corresponding column for the second row.There are also many other more specific types of examples of bar chart essay samples and each one will require you to input a specific data point. Your essay will be guided by the guidelines set forth in the instructions manual that came with the sample.One important factor that you need to remember when working with any kind of data is that it should be arranged in chronological order. The charts will require you to sort the data into rows and columns. It is important that the data be labeled correctly so that the chart is easy to read.Once you have placed the data in its proper place, you will then be instructed to analyze the data using various procedures. As an example, you may be asked to consider the selling price ver sus the number of units sold. Other possibilities include analyzing the frequency of the sale, the size of the pack or the unit size.While the sample in the instructions manual will instruct you to use some special note, you should actually attempt to think of your own solutions. Keep in mind that the reason for this article is to help you learn to analyze data. In the process, you will develop a specific writing style as well as a knack for conducting research.Remember that there are many sources from which you can obtain the bar chart essay examples that you are looking for. However, if you would like to make sure that the information contained in your assignment is the best it can be, you should make sure that you carefully read through the instructions and that you do not go back to the source that sent you the sample. If you were able to get it from a credible source, then you will be much better off.

Writing An Illustrative Essay

<h1>Writing An Illustrative Essay</h1><p>Are you prepared to compose a helpful and illustrative exposition? On the off chance that you are, read on for certain tips that will help you.</p><p></p><p>Having a subject and a specific topic is the initial phase recorded as a hard copy a paper. The genuine substance of the paper isn't significant. In any case, the subject and its representative significance are the two most significant things that you ought to have in mind.</p><p></p><p>Perhaps you will have your own explanations behind needing to compose an article. For example, it might be for your degree or it could be on the grounds that you need to say something or make a lifelong change. Whatever the explanation is, it's essential to have a pre-arranged and coherent start. It is imperative to compose a reasonable and non-emotional beginning stage since it is fundamental for the remainder of the article. For example, on the off chance that you need to begin the subject of the paper with a citation, your closure passage should end with the equivalent quotation.</p><p></p><p>It is fundamental to begin composing a paper in light of an objective. For example, so as to adequately sort out and archive your considerations, you should be certain that you composed a compact yet succinct end. On the off chance that you are not sure what this implies, the point is that the paper will be organized so that it permits individuals to peruse it rapidly without losing all sense of direction simultaneously. To ensure that you will have the option to follow the structure and make your paper progressively significant, you might need to have a title on the initial section and afterward a heading for the entire paper.</p><p></p><p>A rather significant component of an illustrative exposition is having a specific consummation. Obviously, the primary subject of the paper doe sn't need to be equivalent to the principle subject of the exposition. You can join the two points so that they add another measurement to the paper, making it progressively appealing and original.</p><p></p><p>When it comes to arranging, it is critical to have a style manual for help you out. Then again, in the event that you are simply beginning to compose an exposition, it is critical to peruse however many books on creation as could reasonably be expected. You ought to likewise invest some energy considering on the web sources too. Along these lines, you will have the option to comprehend what sort of papers you should search for when you are scanning for resources.</p><p></p><p>Make sure that you have a word preparing program and an editing program. Since you are as yet figuring out how to compose a paper, you should peruse a few papers before you begin composing your own. Word handling programming and editing programming are magn ificent instruments in such manner. There are likewise content managers that are accessible online.</p><p></p><p>The excellence of a paper is the way that it recounts to a story. In this way, it is critical to focus on the pieces of the paper that recount to the story. So as to do this, you should place some idea into the main passage and guarantee that it is linguistically right. For example, utilize short sentences that won't power your perusers to invest such a great amount of exertion on grammar.</p>

The Common App Essay

The Common App EssayI think most students that take AP English Appraisal courses find the common AP essay a writing sample difficult to do. Even though it seems like all you are required to do is write an essay, you must know what makes an AP essay different from a regular English course essay. You will learn more about this during the discussion period in class. You will learn which words to use, how to structure your sentences, and more.If you are looking for an AP Writing or English Appraisal Writing Sample, the most common AP format is a written response to a student question. The style of writing is quite different from what you are used to. Most students are not sure if it is correct to take the next step of writing an essay. Many have an assumption that writing an essay means you need to write the most on the page. Well, this is not true.Sometimes the teacher might ask for a short essay as a way to test you. In this case you may need to write an essay. It depends on the topic of the class and the topics the teacher will be asking you to write about. However, if you get asked to write an essay on an assigned topic for the class or during an assessment, you may want to look into other methods of writing.Now, there are some who think the common AP essay a writing sample is just as hard as writing a long essay. Well, many students often do not feel that they need to write lengthy essays because they feel the first few paragraphs are enough. This is not true. You still need to make sure the paragraph breaks are done correctly.It may take you a bit longer to get into the flow of an essay. But, if you get into the flow of an essay properly, you will be writing faster than you ever thought possible. Sometimes you need to write as fast as you can so that you will not lose sight of the main point of the essay. This will also help you in other areas of your writing, such as proofreading and editing.A writing sample in AP English is all about getting you out of the classroom environment and into a more challenging environment. You are testing your knowledge and your writing skills. Your professor may not tell you how you are being graded but you do need to know. You need to study your essays and determine how you did and where you need to improve.When you get your Common App Essay, you will learn a lot more about writing. You will learn how to avoid filler words and correct punctuation. You will learn about making your sentences flow better.In conclusion, your Common App essay will teach you everything you need to know about how to write. The average student does not feel they are learning anything from the Common App essay and does not get the full benefit of what they pay for. Your AP English classes are a great way to learn writing skills and get help with learning skills.

A Deadly Mistake Uncovered on Piano Essay Topics and How to Avoid It

A Deadly Mistake Uncovered on Piano Essay Topics and How to Avoid It There are lots of men and women wh The note that music plays in our everyday life isn't thought of on a standard basis. The movie is also capturing in using elements. It is better to check with the music graduate office in such situations to figure out the ideal approach. Willie schemes to become in contact with the prospective buyer himself. Despite the fact that the sounding system of early and contemporary piano is really similar, there are a few differences between of them. You should have all sections of the test under control before you demonstrate your skills in their entire entirety. Explain the auto connection better. Imagine the simplicity and convenience of having all your kilts and accessories in 1 place. Piano Essay Topics Secrets It makes an IB extended essay stick out from the remainder of the academic assignments. Curriculum proposal topics is a means to try. You are interested in being that student. The ways students ought to be taught about their wellbeing. When it's our own health or the well-being of a loved one, there are various things to consider and research on. There are many things that may be discussed in regards to education. The methods to use social media to raise students' productivity. The ways to improve the social responsibility of students. The very first instrument that is related to the piano is known as the Dulcimer, it is thought to be the ancestor to early versions of the piano due to the similar qualities. It is the origin to most music due to the fact that the piano allows you to use all ten fingers to produce ten different notes and pitches including the use of your feet. The piano is easily the most popular instrument. Since it is not very easy to play as a musical instrument, there a whole lot of new techniques, which you need to adopt for doing so. A Piano Essay will certainly help you in your pursuits. The Kilt Kit was made to be tossed around. The plan of the Kilt Hanger is ideal for the full Prince Charlie outfit. The Ideal Strategy to Piano Essay Topics Actually, there are numerous differences between both types of instrument. Your comparison should really help somebody's understanding of the objects you're contrasting. This image provides the reader an image, perhaps of a parlor space, of a young child about three or four decades of age enjoying the music generated by his mother. They say you need to never speak about politics or religion as it is not polite. In case you decide you must chat about one of the cliche essay topics mentioned previously, an excellent means to tell a more prevalent story is to concentrate on one specific moment and build from that point. You should develop a notion and offer some evidence. The point is that you would like to convince the reader your argument is the perfect one, which means you'll absolutely want to select a topic that you're passionate about and something which you'll become excited about researching and writing. Whether you're ready to compose your compare and contrast essay or you're in the practice of inventing your very own catchy topic it would be useful to check out compare and contrast essay examples to have a very clear picture of exactly what you should write. Reading example essays works exactly the same way! A proposal essay is quite straightforward to comprehend. An elongated essay is a sort of academic writing assignment, which success is dependent upon the structure. You should permit the preference to grow from the comparison without presenting your own perspective. In your introduction write a few sentences proving that there's an excellent reason behind comparison. You might need to focus on a couple of stories for comparison. The very best method is to check through some terrific extended essay examples. Piano Essay Topics - What Is It? 8 Describe the function that Doaker plays. If you own a friend or relative who reads a good deal of books in their spare time, I bet you believe they're pretty intelligent. And, the time that it took to gather all this to find prepared for a trip. To assist you get off to a great start, we've put together the following advice and hints. Information on IRB approval procedure can be found here and in this issue proposal form. Health is something which most of us have to be worried about. Speak to us now and take pleasure in the results!

Essay about Darwin’s Dangerous Idea - 679 Words

At the beginning of the 1800s, scientists knew of some kinds of fossils, and were very aware of homologous and vestigial structures. Many scientists suspected that some kind of evolution had given rise to living things around them. However, they had no theory to explain how evolution might have occurred. Two scientists led the way in the search for a mechanism of evolution. The first was Jean Lamarck. The second was one of the greatest figures in biology, Charles Darwin. What is evolution? Evolution is a change in the traits of living organisms over generations. Since the development of modern genetics in the 1940s, evolution has been defined more specifically as a change in the frequency of alleles in a population from one generation†¦show more content†¦Natural selection, together with the rules of inheritance discovered by Gregor Mendel, stand at the basis of modern evolutionary biology. Darwin was the British naturalist who became famous for his theories of evolution and natural selection. Like several scientists before him, Darwin believed all the life on earth evolved over millions of years from a few common ancestors. From 1831 to 1836 Darwin served as naturalist aboard the H.M.S. Beagle on a British science expedition around the world. In South America Darwin found fossils of extinct animals that were similar to modern species. On the Galapagos Islands in the Pacific Ocean he noticed many variations among plants and animals of the same general type as those in South America. The expedition visited places around the world, and Darwin studied plants and animals everywhere he went, collecting specimens for further study. Upon his return to London Darwin concluded thorough research of his notes and specimens many ideas. Out of this study grew several related theories: one, evolution did occur, two, evolutionary change was gradual, requiring thousands to millions of years, three, the primary mechanism for evolution was a process called natural selection, and four, the millions of species alive today arose from a single original life form through a branching process called specialization. The movie Darwin’s Dangerous Idea was based on Darwin’s theory of evolution. ItShow MoreRelatedSummary Of The Documentary, Darwins Dangerous Idea 836 Words   |  4 Pagesdocumentary, â€Å"Darwin’s Dangerous Idea† tells the story of Charles Darwin’s conception of his theory of natural selection, and how it explains the evolutionary process and species adaptation. The story begins with a brief overview of his 5-year stint on the HMS Beagle as the ships naturalist, during her South American voyage. The film shows how Mr. Darwin collected fossils and many species of animals and birds from many different regions especially the Galapagos Islands. It portrays Mr. Darwin’s returnRead More Daniel Dennetts Darwins Dangerous Idea: Evolution and the Meanings of Life1022 Words   |  5 PagesDaniel Dennetts Darwins Dangerous Idea: Evolution and the Meanings of Life Science can give us as good a moral code as any religion. Or so Daniel Dennett claims in his book, Darwins Dangerous Idea: Evolution and the Meanings of Life. Dennett provides the tools to explain human morality, and inadvertently leads the way to the conclusion (which he does not share) that science can clarify how human morality came about, but not serve as a substitute or model for moral codes, religious and secularRead MoreThe Aspects Of Darwin s Life851 Words   |  4 Pagesinfluential in Darwin’s life, personal experiences, and beliefs. Darwin came from an Anglican family who strongly adhered to their religion (Mrs. Weiland 1/6/16). Because of religion, several of Darwin’s challenges included unintentionally contradicting his family and friend’s religious views when attempting to explain his theories. Unfortunately, during his time, his â€Å"truly revolutionary ideas† were regarded as â€Å"highly unorthodox, jeopardizing the church and the bibleà ¢â‚¬  (Darwin s Dangerous Idea 2002). Read MoreDarwin’s Theory of Natural Selection and Social Darwinism Essay811 Words   |  4 Pageshave had the opportunity to study them in basic biology. However, Darwins theories of selection and survival of the fittest have been applied to moral, economic, political, and other cultural aspects of society. Dennett briefly touched on some of the political and social ramifications of Darwins theories in the final chapter of Darwins Dangerous Idea. Other philosophers and thinkers have also adapted Darwins evolutionary ideas, in order to apply them in a societal or cultural context. One greatRead MoreCharles Darwin s Impact On The Scientific Community1478 Words   |  6 PagesCharles Darwin is one the most influential scientists in our history. Without his speculation and theories on evolution, the way we look at evolution today may have been very misguided. Darwin created new ideas and theories that dramatically changed the way we see sc ience today. His impact on the scientific community was both exciting yet controversial. Charles Darwin was born in Shrewsbury, England on February 12 in the year 1809. His parents were Susannah and Robert Darwin (BBC, 2015). WhileRead More Charles Darwin and the Scientific Revolution Essay1063 Words   |  5 Pagesby natural forces, including the struggle for existence in which the fittest members of a varying population survive, reproduce, and pass on their traits to the next generation.1 The impact that Darwin made in the science field was great since his ideas and theories formed a foundation that todays scientists constantly build on. Darwinss Origin of Species was widly disputed. When he studied the root of humans, his conclusions went against the original widespread beliefs that God hadRead MoreBoth Galileo And Darwin Are Legendary Figures Within Science1425 Words   |  6 Pagesmonumental impact on society during both their respective lives and modern day time. Their discoveries prompted discussion that challenged tradition and old ideas and despite not being appreciated by the entire public at the time, the theories they introduced have had long lasting impacts on our government and society today. Galileo and Darwin’s finding have a significant impact upon modern societal views on essential topics such as, science and ethics in everyday life. Controversial and philosophicalRead MoreEvolution Before Darwin1590 Words   |  7 Pagespatterns that I have observed in ancient creation myths regarding the creation of the world. What once felt like a random bombardment of infinite stories, now feels li ke a handful of calculable stories told by an infinite number of story tellers. Darwins theory of evolution, his creation myth regarding the origin of the world and of species, is not an exception. The theory of evolution is not as innovative as was once thought; in fact, the major observations embodied within the theory of evolutionRead MoreHow Darwin Has A Profound Effect Beyond The World Of Science1396 Words   |  6 Pagesprofound effect beyond the world of science. Through analysis of several elements of pop culture, one can see how their underlying themes are related to Darwin. The impact of Darwin’s principles can be seen in video games, literature, and television. The relevance of Darwin’s work can be observed in video games. For example, Darwin’s theory of natural selection can be applied to the general gameplay of Pokà ©mon FireRed. Darwin states that individuals with variations best suited for the habitat surviveRead More Transcending Evolution: The Human Consciousness, or The Soul1400 Words   |  6 Pages In 1838 Charles Darwin wrote in his journal Man in his arrogance thinks himself a great work worthy the interposition of a deity. More humble and I think truer to consider him created from animals. (Rachels, 1990) Daniel C. Dennett refers to Darwins theory of evolution as a universal acid, a theory so powerful it seeps through every traditional concept and leaves behind a revolutionized world-view, resulting not only in a fundamental shift in the way in which we perceive ourselves as human beings

Critical analysis of the change from personnel management to HRM free essay sample

Course: Master in Management (MiM part-time) Module: HRM4003D Human Resource Management Essay Title: ‘HRM can be seen as a distinctive approach to the management of people, which contrasts with more traditional approaches to personnel management’. Critically explore and analysis this statement and the challenges of implementing HRM. Submitted by: Liesel Butterfield Student Number: 13204579 Lecturer: Sile O’Donnell Submission Date: 2nd of December 2013 Word Count: 3,700 The development of Personnel Management From the 1940s to the 1970s increased status and focus was given to the personnel function within organisations. During this period there was dramatic growth in the size and complexity of organisations which demanded a greater knowledge of the management of the workforce (Gunnigle et al, 2011). The growth in workforce management came to the forefront particularly as a result of the growing significance of industrial relations. Derry (1991) defines industrial relations as ‘the behaviour and interaction of people that shape the employment relationship between management and labour’. Personnel management developed as a specialist area concerned with the staffing function within organizations (Gardner et al, 1992). Personnel management specialists developed as experts in areas such as recruitment, selection, job design, and motivation (Gardner et al, 1992). Specialists had appropriate knowledge, experience and training in the field of human relationships (Singh et al, 1996). People are the most complex factor in an organisation and personnel management recognised the need for correct management of their personalities in order to maintain good industrial relations (Reddy, 2004). It concerned itself with solving the human problems of the organisation in a manner where maximum satisfaction of the employee were achieved and the goals of the organisation were accomplished to the fullest extent (Reddy, 2004). It was regarded as a major sub-system of the total management process as it aimed to attain the goals of the organisation through maintaining the relations of the organisations most valued asset (Reddy, 2004). Personnel management was inseparable from management as it was always concerned with how human resources could be utilised to benefit the organisation as a whole. Employees account for a large proportion of enterprise expenditure therefore depending on how they are managed; the personnel department could make a contribution to either a firm’s success or failure. The department undertook a varied and comprehensive array of tasks in order to ensure the successful management of the manpower resource. Reddy (2004) describes some of the core tasks undertaken: Organizational Planning Personnel specialists were specifically concerned with planning which concerns the allocation of the various jobs to be performed into effective units, divisions or positions (Reddy, 2004). For planning to be successful it is necessary that the organisations needs are defined in terms of both long term and short term objectives. Based on their capabilities and strengths, employees will be placed in positions where it is regarded that objectives will be met to the fullest extent. The division of jobs aimed to create and maintain a cohesive, homogenous and interacting workforce. It is necessary for every employee to know what their job is, what results are expected of them, the standard by which performance is measured and how their work fits in with the organisations (Singh et al, 1996). An employee’s job definition must be clear in order to avoid confusion which can result in reduced efficiency. Employment Employment involves activities such as the recruitment, selection, placement and induction. They identified potential or future vacancies, aimed to attract qualified personnel, develop policies and procedures for the selection and place a person to a job that his qualifications and personality traits are best suited to. Performance reviews, promotion policies and the maintenance of employee records were also responsibilities of the department. Training and development of personnel They implemented various training programmes to increase the skills of employees with the aim of contributing to the organizations objectives. Wage and salary administration The personnel department developed a suitable wage structure for individuals based on various factors such as demand and supply in the labour market, salaries in other organizations and the capacity for the organisation to pay. Employee benefits and services The personnel department also managed welfare activities such as the provision of pensions, welfare provisions, fringe benefits and fulfilment of social security. Modern organisations are very volatile and frequently major changes in the systems, procedures, structures and techniques can be embarked on by management without necessary consideration given to the effects these changes may have on the human beings involved (Singh et al, 1996). Defiance, lack of cooperation, resentment, suspicion, fear and reduced motivation can occur when employees are not considered in major changes. Personnel specialists provided careful consideration of human aspects which helped to achieve the successful implementation of new plans and policies (Singh et al, 1996). It has become clear that organisations struggle to operate efficiently if employees are not satisfied in terms of job satisfaction, working conditions and chances of progression. The personnel specialists’ role was regarded as one of an advisory nature to management. A blurring of personnel specialist’s roles with line managers responsibilities created a situation where the specialist was an arbitrage between employees and management (Singh et al, 1996). Specialists assisted, advised and serviced but ultimate control of executive decisions remained with the line managers provided with the advice (Singh et al, 1996). The development of Human Resource Management The 1980s saw the HR function come to surface ultimately replacing personnel management. This development began a sterile debate concerned with the differences between personnel management and HRM. Michael Armstrong (2003) defines human resource management as a ‘strategic and coherent approach to the management of an organisations most valued assets; the people working there who individually and collectively contribute to the achievement of its objectives’. Strategic integration is often regarded as a key policy goal for HRM, which is concerned with an organizations integration of HRM into the overall strategic plan (Armstrong, 2006). Fombrun et al (1984) was a major contributor to this philosophy. He developed a term called the â€Å"matching model† which emphasises that HR systems and the organizational structure should be managed in a way that is in line with the overlying organizational strategy (Fombrun cited by Armstrong, 2006: 7). The integration of HRM with management enables line managers to see the long-term importance of HRM for the achievement of organizational goals. The modern HR department is one which is decentralised meaning line managers now have the primary responsibility of managing employee relations. In this modern organisation human resource specialists have the role of providing people management systems which assist managers in the management of their employees (Dransfield, 2000). All aspects of the HRM system must cohere and consist of interrelated and supportive practices to enable line managers to make informed decisions that contribute to the goals of the organisation (Armstrong, 2006). As HRM is given a strategic importance this filters down to all the actions of an organisation (Dransfield, 2000). Important to HRM is the achievement of high organizational performance through human capital by enhancing employee’s motivation and job commitment. Motivation encourages people to apply their abilities while commitment is about identification with an organisations goals and values, both of which will assist in the achievement of organizational goals (Armstrong, 2003). HRM aims to create policies and practices which best serve both the organisation and the individual. The model aims to generate â€Å"human capital advantage† which can be regarded as the accumulation of employees who possess valuable skill and knowledge. Millmore et al (2007) argued ‘people form a significant component of an organisations strategic capability and the ability to understand the organizations strategic position will largely be a function of the capabilities of the organizations people’. This stems from the ‘Resource-based theory’ which is an underpinning theory of HRM. A firm develops a competitive advantage if its resources which include its human resources are valuable, rare and costly to imitate (Armstrong, 2006). The pluralist ideology underpins the HRM approach to people management. It recognizes that within an organization various interest groups most notably management and employees, who have interests which are conflicting but of equal importance (Wilton, 2011). The existence of various interest groups makes conflict both inevitable and normal. HRM policies and practices are created to consider the various interest groups and to manage workforce conflict if it occurs. HR practices and policies within Enterprise Ireland Enterprise Ireland is a government organisation responsible for the development and growth of Irish enterprises in world markets. The organisation works in partnership with Irish enterprises to help them start, grow, innovate, and win export sales on global markets. The fundamental goals of Enterprise Ireland are to support sustainable economic growth, regional development and secure employment. Enterprise Ireland was established under the Industrial Development (Enterprise Ireland) act of 1998. The agency was established as an integrated service bringing together the skills and resources of the previous Irish Trade Board, Forbairt and the Services to Business function of FAS. The establishment of Enterprise Ireland in 1998 marked the end to the multiplicity of agency schemes and the introduction of a more concentrated approach to the development of Irish firms. It currently has 28 regional offices nationwide with its headquarters located in Dublin, and also has 53 global offices in various locations worldwide. When Enterprise Ireland was established HR policies and practices were already in place from the predecessors. However the end of a multiplicity of agency schemes created two important actions for the department: 1) The removal of certain non-core business units which were no longer needed. This action resulted in a reduction of the headcount within Enterprise Ireland. 2) Recruitment of staff with the appropriate specialist skills and expertise to work with Irish indigenous industries. Human resources together with policy and investment form a distinct unit within the corporate structure. HR consists of four units which are; resourcing, training and development, employer relations and administration. When Enterprise Ireland was established importance was given to the recruitment of professionals with formal education and relevant experience in the field of human resources. The HR department needed to be strategic and properly equipped to cope with the changes occurring and HR professionals were recognised as a necessity for this. The HR department have always been regarded as a strategic department within the organisation. The head of the department reports directly to the Executive Director who then reports to the CEO. The HR department consult with management on all decisions and changes that are felt could affect employees. Since the introduction of the moratorium on recruitment and promotions in the public service, Enterprise Ireland staff numbers have been significantly reduced resulting in key posts remaining vacant in Ireland and overseas. Currently 740 people work for the Enterprise Ireland Irish offices, 16% less than there was before the introduction of the moratorium. In 2010 the Government committed to reducing its general deficit to less than 3% of GDP by 2015. In order to do so, it entered into two significant Public Service Agreements Croke Park Agreement (2010-2014) and Haddington Road Agreement (2013-2016). Croke Park introduced cuts and freezes to pay and allowances, a moratorium of staff through the Employment Control Framework, pension levies and greater standardisation of employment conditions across sector (Ireland. DPER, 2010). The focus of the Haddington Road Agreement was on consolidating the series of pay and productivity measures to achieve necessary savings in the Public Service Pay and Pensions bill, namely by reduced headcount through voluntary redundancies, increased working hours, redeployment, strengthening of performance management and flexible work sharing agreements (Ireland. DPER, 2013). Over the last few years’ significant work has gone in to reducing organizational costs while also maintaining and improving the standard of services for clients. Many of the actions implemented to reduce costs and maintain quality of service have been the responsibility of the HR department. The department began reorganising the structure of staff allocation on a regular basis to ensure the delivery of quality service to clients despite a reduction in the staff numbers. The reduction in staff numbers called for a focus on strategic resource planning. The aim of this was to ensure adequate resources and skill sets remained in areas of expertise such as IT and technology. Since the introduction of the moratorium 9% of employees have been assigned to new roles within the agency. The HR department have engaged with trade unions and implemented a process which facilitates the reassignment of staff into key priority positions. A number of employees have engaged in programmes supported by the agency which have provided them with necessary skills to meet the requirements of new positions. Learn on the job training and shadowing have also been implemented. It has been the role of HR to ensure that employees are fully equipped to perform their new roles to the highest possible standard. The HR department now implement a performance management system with a dedicated member of the department working solely on this. The performance management system sets out goals and objectives very clearly for employees. The performance of employees and departments are rigorously reviewed every six months. The past few years have proved as very challenging for the department as they themselves have experienced a reduction in staff numbers from 27 in 2008 to 15 in 2013 while trying to cope with the overall impact the public service agreements on the organisation. Staff morale is low due to increased work hours and workload for a reduced salary. Those who joined enterprise Ireland from 2008 onwards have remained in the same positions since they started due to the lack of movement in terms of promotion. Maintaining employee motivation and commitment has proved a struggle for the department due to the current working conditions. Recruitment of new employees has commenced in overseas offices however the freeze remains in place in Ireland. Critical analysis of the contrasts between Personnel Management and Human Resource Management based on academic literature Personnel management can often be considered as an old-fashioned name for human resource management, and in some organisations there is often little difference between today’s HR departments and their predecessors. However HRM is often regarded as a revolutionary approach to people management which focuses on achieving organizational goals. The transition of personnel management to HRM caused a sterile debate between many academics. Some commentators have emphasised the revolutionary nature of HRM while others have denied that there is any significant difference between both. Both human resource professionals and academics have encountered problems in clearly identifying the differences between the two. A quote by Armstrong (1987:32) emphasises this issue: ‘It could be no more and no less than another name for personnel management, but, as usually perceived, at least it has the virtue of emphasising the need to treat people as a key resource, the management of which is the direct concern of top management as part of the strategic planning process of the enterprise’. Legge (1989) identifies four clear similarities between the two. 1. Both models emphasize the importance of integrating personnel/HRM with organizational goals. 2. Both emphasize a need for involvement with line management. 3. Both see the importance of individuals developing their abilities fully to make a contribution to the organizations success. 4. Both identify the importance of placing employees in positions where they are best suited and their skills are utilised to the highest potential. Armstrong (2003) also identifies that ‘same range of selection, competency analysis, performance management, training, management development and reward management techniques are used in both personnel management and HRM’. While many academics see the clear similarities between normative models of personnel management and HRM, clear distinctions have also been recognised. First, HRM is seen as focusing on the relations between line management and the individual worker. On the other hand personnel management appears to be a management activity directed largely at non managers who are essentially subordinates of management (Legge, 1989). Second, in HRM workforce management is fully integrated into managements strategic decision making (Gunnigle et al, 2011). A clear relationship is drawn between the proactive use of human resources to achieve organizational goals. The importance of personnel policies in the pursuit of the bottom line appear to be more specified in HRM than in personnel management (Legge, 1989). Third, personnel management is regarded as workforce centred, while HRM is resource centred. Personnel specialists direct their efforts towards employees. Their actions include; finding and training them, organizing their pay, justifying management’s actions, dealing with conflict and seeking to change actions which may have a negative response from employees (Torrington et al, 2005). HRM is directed more towards management needs rather than employees. Fourth, HRM is regarded as pluralist while personnel management is unitarist. Pluralism sees organisations as consisting of various interest groups while the unitarist view is based on employees and management sharing a collective interest. HRM recognizes that managers and workers have different yet equally legitimate interests and conflict of their viewpoints will be inevitable (Wilton, 2011). From the literature, in theory, HRM is more strategic than personnel management as it is experienced by managers, concerns itself with the achievement of business goals and regards the employee as a valued resource to be managed (Legge, 1989). Purcell (2001) comments ‘The distinction between personnel management and HRM too many practitioners is about the centrality of the role they play in the organization. It is nothing to do with a particular approach to labour management, one best set of practices’. Critical analysis of the contrasts between Personnel Management and Human Resource Management based on the policies and practices of Enterprise Ireland. Since its establishment in 1998, a human resource department has always been an important part of the organizational structure within Enterprise Ireland. The agency was established as an integrated service bringing together The Irish Trade Board, Forbairt and the Services to Business function of FAS, all of which previously also had human resource departments. The HR department today consist of four units which are; resourcing, training and development, employer relations and administration. The structure of the HR department was continued on from its predecessors even though there department was labelled as a personnel management one. HR has always been regarded as a strategic department due to its direct involvement in the overall management of the agency. The head of the HR department reports directly to an Executive Officer who then reports to the Chief Executive Officer. Ever since its establishment, HR has been involved in any decisions which could potentially affect the employee relations within the agency. The head of the department has been present at all board meetings regarding any relevant changes to Enterprise Ireland Upon establishment in 1998, the decision was made to remove a number of non-core departments that were regarded as no longer necessary. It was also decided that there would be recruitment of highly skilled professionals in order to provide a high quality of service to Irish firms. The decision to take these important actions was a result of lengthy consultation between the head of HR and senior management. HR worked closely with senior management to ensure the successful implementation of these changes to the agency. Highly skilled professionals within the agency are a necessity for delivering high quality skills and guidance to indigenous Irish firms. Employees have always been regarded as a resource necessary for the success of Enterprise Ireland. All services available to Enterprise Ireland clients are made available through development advisors who are the primary point of contact for all Enterprise Irelands services. The HR department and management have recognised from the beginning that employees are fundamental to the successful delivery of services to clients which is the core goal of Enterprise Ireland. Ever since its establishment training programmes approved by the agency have been available for employees to up skill and expand their expertise. Training and development has become more important due to lateral reassignments occurring as a result of the moratorium on recruitment. The HR department have the role of ensuring that programmes provide existing employees with the necessary skillsets to take on new positions within the organization. Enterprise Ireland and its predecessors placed emphasis on employee commitment and integration. Industrial harmony was of great importance to the agency. Enterprise Ireland works closely with Siptu and Unite, the two trade unions representing employees. While the organization still works on a day to day basis with unions their influence has significantly reduced due to the current economic climate. The public service agreements have dramatically affected employee commitment and integration. Administrative roles remain very important within the department. While administration is often associated with more traditional approaches to people management, these activities are necessary to keep the integrity of the department. In order to have employee’s full commitment and motivation administrative duties such as payrolls and pensions must be managed to an excellent standard. Enterprise Ireland has always carried out roles characteristic of a strategic human resource department. The department carries out the same roles and responsibilities as the personnel management departments of its predecessors. The focus of the department has changed since 2008 in order to cope with the effects of the economic downturn on public service employees. It is now more important than ever for the HR department to be as strategic as possible in order to maintain quality services despite a significantly reduced employee headcount. Conclusions From a review of academic literature and the practices and policies of Enterprise Ireland, contrasts between HRM and personnel management depend on how either are interpreted. HRM can be regarded as a revolutionary approach because of its emphasis on the importance of human capital to the success of an organisation. The differences between a HR department and personnel department in terms of policies and practices are few and far between. HRM is regarded now as a management practice which poses the question of how strategic a department is depends on the management which controls it.